ngoại diên
Definition
- Noun:
- Extension (in logic and semantics): The set of all actual objects, entities, or phenomena to which a concept or term correctly applies. It is the total range of things covered by a concept.
- Denotation: The complete collection of specific instances or referents represented by a word or idea.
Usage Examples
- Noun:
- Ngoại diên của khái niệm "động vật có vú" bao gồm chó, mèo, và cá voi. (The extension of the concept "mammal" includes dogs, cats, and whales.)
- Khái niệm "phương tiện giao thông" có ngoại diên rất rộng. (The concept "vehicle" has a very broad extension.)
- Khi định nghĩa một từ, cần xem xét cả nội hàm lẫn ngoại diên của nó. (When defining a word, one must consider both its intension and its extension.)
Advanced Usage
- In logic and philosophy, "ngoại diên" is often contrasted with "nội hàm" (intension), which refers to the internal content or defining attributes of a concept.
- Sự khác biệt giữa ngoại diên và nội hàm là cơ bản trong nghiên cứu ngữ nghĩa. (The difference between extension and intension is fundamental in semantic studies.)
Variants and Related Words
- Nội hàm (n): Intension; the set of essential attributes that define a concept.
- Khái niệm (n): Concept, notion.
- Tập hợp (n): Set, collection (often used in mathematical contexts related to extension).
Synonyms
- Denotation
- Reference (in semantic theory)
- Scope (of a concept)
Related Terms
- Logic: The branch of philosophy where "ngoại diên" is a key term.
- Semantics: The study of meaning in language, where the extension of a word is a primary concern.
- Class (in logic): The group of all things denoted by a term, synonymous with its extension.